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Battle of Dunajetz
The Battles of Dunajetz occurred in May 1915 as part of the Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive during World War I. They were fought between the Russians (who were camped out along the line of the Dunajec river, the right tributary of the Vistula) and a force led by German General August von Mackensen to push the Russians out of Galicia and Vistula land (what is now Poland).
== Background ==
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From August 1914 until early spring 1915, the Central powers prioritized war on the Western front to their Eastern front. This allowed Russian troops to steadily advance through Galicia, taking the Austrian territory, including the Hungarian fortress of Przemysl in March and seizing its weapons stores.〔p 678: Tucker, Spencer, and Priscilla Roberts, eds. World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Vol. 2. N.p.: ABC-CLIO, 2014. Print. ISBN 978-1851099641. OCLC 864676778〕 Progress was not easy, though and the Russian Imperial Army suffered heavy casualties. No matter how hard they were hit, they managed to recover so quickly that Prince von Bulow reportedly once said, "fighting the Russians () like pounding a pillow.".〔https://books.google.com/books?id=Io46AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA402&lpg=PA402&dq=dunajetz+battle+russian&source=bl&ots=1B8solg_3O&sig=sFADV5Byv7CQDzKkMA0G8BAoo9E&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDMQ6AEwBGoVChMIzIrpkendxgIVytCACh3KsguM#v=onepage&q=dunajetz%20battle%20russian&f=false〕
As a result of the Russian advance into Austria and chatter that Italy (which was neutral) was preparing to enter the war on the side of the Allies, the situation was seen as dire for the Austrian-Hungarian empire. The Central Powers reorganized their armies and Field Marshall von Hindenburg who believed that Russia "could be defeated in a single campaign, provided enough troops were at hand" 〔p. 116: Wren, Jack. ''The Great Battles of World War I''. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1971. Print. OCLC: 2779383. ISBN 978-0448020372〕 gave Mackensen command of the newly created German Eleventh Army with Colonel Hans von Seeckt as his Chief of Staff. He had two million men, 4,000 guns and operational control over the Austro-Hungarian Third and Fourth Armies stationed in Galicia.
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